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MERN stack

The MERN stack is a collection of technologies that developers use to build web applications using JavaScript.

The acronym MERN stands for MongoDB, Express, React, and Node.js. The MERN stack is a full-stack solution that uses JavaScript and JSON to create a three-tier architecture. It's popular because it only requires one programming language, JavaScript.


Each component plays a specific role in the architecture of a MERN application.

MongoDB:

MongoDB is a NoSQL database that is used to store data in a document-oriented format. This makes it ideal for storing JSON data, which is the native format of JavaScript objects.

Express:

Express is a web framework that is used to build the backend of a MERN application. It provides a number of features that make it easy to develop and deploy web applications, such as routing, middleware, and templating.

React:

React is a JavaScript library that is used to build the frontend of a MERN application. It provides a number of features that make it easy to build user interfaces, such as components, state management, and virtual DOM.

Node.js:

Node.js is a JavaScript runtime environment that is used to run the MERN application. It provides a number of features that make it ideal for developing web applications, such as event-driven programming, non-blocking I/O, and a large number of modules.


The MERN stack follows a three-tier architecture, which is a common pattern for designing web applications. The three tiers are:

Presentation tier:

The presentation tier is responsible for displaying the user interface of the application. It is typically implemented using a JavaScript library such as React.

Application tier:

The application tier is responsible for handling the business logic of the application. It is typically implemented using a web framework such as Express.

Data tier:

The data tier is responsible for storing and retrieving data. It is typically implemented using a database such as MongoDB.


Here are some of the benefits of using the MERN stack:

  • use JavaScript for both the frontend and backend of the applications
  • scalable
  • build a wide variety of web applications


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